This article is based on two reports about the speech of candidate Jair Bolsonaro in relation to the slave trade and racial quotas to analyze the formation and impacts of historical consciousness on people’s lives and what is the role of the school and the various media that disseminate historical information. Based on the concept of cultural trauma, the article studies how the naturalization of slavery and false historical information interfere in the formation of identity and in the development of reparatory policies. The article also discusses how school and the teaching of History can act to strengthen the memories of the black community, respect-ing its traumatic past.