
The present article aims to propose reflections on the History teaching articulated with issues of the present time, memory and sensitive heritage. Starting from the context of the demonstration of the overthrow of colonialist and racist statues, considerations are developed about the construction of a Eurocentric and excluding Brazilian national history and the role of mediation of History teaching between history and memory. Finally, a case analysis of the Monumento às Bandeiras in São Paulo is proposed, and its role in reaffirming national myths and heroes, articulating this debate with an analysis of the role of the bandeirantes in the History textbook, aiming to understand the role of this cultural artifact of school History, specifically, and of History teaching, in general, in perpetuating or deconstruct-ing national heroes and narratives.